Accueil du site > Thèses et habilitations > Piégeage et mesure non-destructive d’atomes froids dans une cavité en anneau de haute finesse
Soutenance de thèse de SIMON BERNON
Vendredi 15 avril 2011 à 14h dans l’auditorium de l’Institut d’Optique, Campus Polytechnique à Palaiseau.
Résumé :
Abstract :
This thesis investigates the generation of atomic spin-squeezed states by quantum non-demolition (QND) measurements in a high-finesse optical cavity. Cold atom interferometry has demonstrated state of the art performance for the measurement of tiny rotations, accelerations and time. The sensitivity of atom interferometers has already reached the atomic shot noise level, a limit that could be overcome by the use of non-classical atomic states. In this context, we developed a crossed high-finesse cavity resonating both at 1560 nm and 780 nm. Laser light at 1560 nm injected in the cavity generates a far off resonance optical dipole trap where 87Rb cold atoms are loaded from a magneto-optical trap. The lifetime of the atoms in this dipole trap is limited by the residual background collisions, indicating that further evaporation process should be effective. The concepts of QND measurement are introduced and a wavefunction formalism that describes the spin-squeezing dynamics of the atomic state is discussed. This formalism is applied to practical measurement apparatus that are the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and the heterodyne detection. Experimentally, this non-destructive measurement was implemented at 780 nm in a frequency mo- dulation scheme strongly immune to noise. The influence of this non-demolition probe on the atomic sample has been characterized in single pass and this tool has been applied to follow in real time the state of atomic interferometers. In addition to this work, a narrow linewidth Raman laser suitable for high precision spectroscopy was implemented with cold atoms as the gain medium.
Post-scriptum :
Groupe d’Optique Atomique
Laboratoire Charles Fabry
Institut d¹Optique, Graduate School
Campus Polytechnique
RD 128
91127 PALAISEAU CEDEX - FRANCE
Tel : +33 1 64 53 33 23
Fax : +33 1 64 53 31 01
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